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๐Ÿ”’ ๐Ÿ”’ ๐Ÿ”’ [Audiobook] Human Resources | Human Resource Management

Subscriber Episode โ€ข September 09, 2024 โ€ข Hans Trunkenpolz + Associates โ€ข Season 1 โ€ข Episode 12

Subscriber-only episode

Can traditional HR practices keep pace with the rapidly changing workforce landscape? Our latest episode explores how the role of HR has expanded far beyond payroll and personnel management. From recruitment and employee engagement to organizational development and the integration of technology, we examine the key factors reshaping HR today. We'll dive into compelling case studies, including Dylan and Tatianaโ€™s innovative approach to onboarding and proactive recruiting, to highlight the critical importance of training and development in staying competitive.

Do you know how to conduct a fair and effective job interview? We share expert strategies to ensure your hiring process is unbiased and robust. Learn how to put candidates at ease, craft behaviorally based questions, and implement structured interviews to improve reliability. We also discuss the profound impact of early employee engagement through well-structured orientation programs, using real-life examples to show how these strategies can enhance retention and foster long-term commitment.

Employee health and safety are non-negotiable in todayโ€™s workplace. In our final segment, we delve into legislative compliance, incident investigation, and effective strategies for managing workplace bullying, harassment, and violence. Business owners Dean and Caitlinโ€™s proactive wellness plan serves as a model for stress and mental health management. We wrap up with actionable feedback and progressive discipline methods, ensuring you have the tools to manage performance issues and create a supportive work environment. Join us for an enlightening journey through the landscape of contemporary HR practices, designed to drive organizational success.

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Sign up for our self-paced courses or instructor-led workshops at www.ht-a.solutions

Sign up for our self-paced courses or instructor-led workshops at www.ht-a.solutions

Sign up for our self-paced courses or instructor-led workshops at www.ht-a.solutions

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Human Resource Management. Module 1. Getting Started Welcome to the Human Resource Management Workshop. As companies modify priorities and operations, human resources functions can move from a dedicated HR role to that of the manager, whether the majority of those important functions stays within HR at your organization or is your responsibility as a manager, it is important that managers understand how much of their role is really about their people, as well as aspects of legislation, policy and procedures that involve human resourcing issues. Module 2. Human Resources Today, human resources.

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Hr used to focus on very specific processes and had narrowly defined terms such as personnel manager and payroll. As a discipline, hr has evolved to include areas which both complement and build on one another. Hr has certainly evolved over the past 30 to 50 years and branched out into defined areas or sub-disciplines within the scope of human resources. These include recruitment, employee engagement, retention, organizational development, training and development, compensation and benefits, health, safety and wellness, strategic planning and employee relations. Organizations arrange these areas in a way that works for them, sometimes keeping them all within the human resources department and, at other times, broadening the scope into an area called corporate resources, of which human resources is one part. There are several key factors that have had an enormous impact on the development of human resources. These include technology, which has had and will continue to have significant impact on the way we design and structure work. It also challenges the workforce to keep up with significant developments while organizations decide which changes are worthwhile adopting.

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Globalization, as companies consider working in or expanding into foreign markets and have employees working in different locations. Demographics, as the core numbers of the workforce age and move into retirement, and the available talent pool becomes smaller what do the older workers need to sustain themselves? What are younger workers looking for in employment? Contingent workforce management Includes using part-time, temporary and contract workers as a way to manage fluctuations in demand and to manage long-term labor costs. One example of contingency use is companies bringing in retirees during busy periods to cover staff vacations and so on.

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In order to best manage the workforce as it now exists, there is significant focus on training and development. Development, the long-term process that facilitates strategic thinking, capitalizes on experience and aims to reach goals. Training is provided specifically to change behaviors or attitudes in order to meet job-specific requirements. Organizations are now focusing on developing individuals and their careers rather than addressing immediate needs of the job, which has led to an entire industry around lifelong learning. Doing so seems to encourage employee retention and allows us to stay up to date with technological changes as well as shifting demographics. As human resources evolved, so have the ways that we manage our workforce. We have the ability to create and maintain workplaces that are fair, safe and engaging by leveraging the strengths of human resources skills within the organization and ourselves. As the nature of organizations change, hr practices and theories will also evolve. No matter what they become, they will continue to enrich the organizations and people that they support.

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Currently, some human resources management trends include onboarding the process of bringing new people into the company. Proactive recruiting beginning the recruitment process years before they will actually join the company. Proactive recruiting beginning the recruitment process years before they will actually join the company. Focus on work-life balance. Introduction of lean and six-sigma methods which encourage sustainable improvement. Dylan and Tatiana were discussing ways to introduce better human resource management practices into their company. Dylan was relatively new to the department and was overwrought by the process, but Tatiana suggested they consider some recent HR trends to help them come up with ideas for the process. Dylan agreed and was eager to learn more about the field and discussed onboarding with his colleague, who explained that it was a new process of bringing people into the company. They debated the efficacy of proactive recruiting and whether starting the recruitment process early might advance the future of the company. Together they laid out a plan for implementing the new trends and were excited to meet with the owner of the company and reveal their solutions the next day.

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Module 3. Recruiting and Interviewing. Essentially, recruiting and interviewing are about bringing the right people to your organization. The process of keeping those people with the organization is called retention. We will focus on the first two parts recruiting and interviewing in this module. Organizations typically go through a formal or informal process when there is a vacancy to fill. In some organizations, simply getting permission to fill a vacancy can be a challenge. Once the process starts, the pattern is very similar from one place to the next. Although the steps seem straightforward, this is a very interactive process, so stages can overlap. Job analysis here we will consider the KSAs knowledge, skills and attitudes that are required for the position and make sure that they are included in a job description.

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Recruit Attract the right candidates to the position. The best way to start this part of the process is to have a good idea where your candidates are. The most effective way to do so is to know what interests them, where they tend to congregate and, in a shrinking labor market, where they already work. Filter candidates. It is not necessary to interview every candidate by the same token. Some folks do not interview well and yet can provide supporting and interesting information to you through screening and testing. For example, if you are hiring customer service representatives that will spend a lot of time on the phone, then conduct an initial short interview over the phone. If they sound professional and confident, then you can consider a face-to-face interview. Then conduct an initial short interview over the phone. If they sound professional and confident, then you can consider a face-to-face interview.

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Interview Structured, formal interviews will give you far more valid and reliable results than informal ad hoc interviews. Know what you are interviewing for. Be well prepared and be ready for candidates to have plenty of questions for you. Select, check references, make an offer to the right candidate and be prepared to negotiate, especially in a tight labor market. Introduce and retain. Now that you have your new employee, prepare to introduce them to the team and to build on the relationship that has been established during the recruiting process.

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Interviewing as an interpersonal activity is something that can be troubled by lack of consistency and standardization if you do not go about it well. Here is a model to assist in setting up ideal interviews, as well as some of the pitfalls and best practices. Prepare Know what position you are hiring for. Get comfortable with asking open-ended questions and probing. Set aside a room or interview space that makes for optimal conversation and open communication. Design Make sure you have ample time and questions available that fit the complexity of the job. Write your questions ahead of time and include a scoring matrix that will allow you to easily recognize when answers that you are looking for are being showcased.

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Interview Remember that candidates and interviews can both throw off an interview. Some people are better at sitting down to a conversation than others. It is the interviewer's job to put the candidate at ease, maintain control and flow of the meeting and listen. It can be easy for an interviewer to succumb to bias or stereotype. Be aware of the following issues so that they do not thwart your efforts at the interview.

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We used to think that if people sat with their arms crossed, they were being closed or standoffish. Sometimes, however, people are nervous and may be trying to keep their hands still, or perhaps they are simply more comfortable with their arms crossed. Reading body language is not always simple. A tendency to pay more attention to nonverbal cues means you may miss what someone actually says. Remember, too, that if an interviewer and applicant are of similar gender, race or share other physical characteristics, this can and does influence interview results. Women, people who are overweight and visible minorities are typically paid less than Caucasian men working in the same roles. Be aware of this in terms of employment equity than Caucasian men working in the same roles. Be aware of this in terms of employment equity. The halo effect is seen when a personal attribute is presumed to reflect some kind of truth. For example, a person who is perceived as physically attractive is frequently considered more intelligent and sociable than someone who is less attractive. Even in the absence of proof, contrast effects surface when the characteristics of one candidate are compared to candidates who have already been interviewed, rather than against established behavioral criteria.

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Interviews alone are not a great indicator of job performance, especially unstructured, informal interviews. The correlation between effective hiring decisions, a good choice and a poor choice are improved by the use of behaviorally based questions. Otherwise, you can almost skip the interview and draw straws to select the right person. This is also why testing, accurate references and use of portfolios actual examples of work are so helpful During the interview. Ask questions that are job-specific To improve reliability and validity of the selection process. Ask questions that are relative to the job. Concentrate on job knowledge and skills related to performance and increasing your ability to forecast success on the job.

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Interview questions must be fair and not lead to bias. Questions that pertain to the work as well as decisions that have been made are typically the best questions. Behaviorally based questions, which often start out as tell me about a time. When is an example when you ask questions, the best start out as tell me about a time. When is an example when you ask questions. The best information comes from those that are open. An open-ended question encourages the interviewee to say more than just yes or no and to explain their answers. If you need to ask closed questions, such as do you have a valid driver's license, then do so. But also plan to get detailed, active input from your open-ended questions During the interview.

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Score responses, using a systematic, structured approach to evaluate their responses. If you require specific answers, build them into your scoring. Finally, train interviewers in listening, questioning and evaluation to get consistency in the interview process and consequently make better hiring decisions. An evaluation to get consistency in the interview process and consequently, make better hiring decisions. Some examples of common questions and fairer options are as follows this job requires a lot of walking.

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Can you do it? Instead, could be. This job requires you to be on your feet for most of the day. Do you have any physical conditions that we should know about? In considering you as a candidate? We would like a photo to attach to your application because of the number of applicants. Would you mind supplying us with one? This could lead to bias during the recruiting process based on physical attractiveness. Instead, could be all staff has their picture on our internal website so that we can recognize one another easily. If you are hired, would you mind having your picture taken for that purpose? One another easily. If you are hired, would you mind having your picture taken for that purpose? You have an unusual name. What nationality is it Again leading to or even highlighting bias? Instead, could be did I pronounce your name correctly when I met you? Have you ever been arrested? Instead, could be. This job requires that you secure a high-level security clearance, including a criminal records check. Will you have difficulty providing us with that clearance? Are you American? Instead, could be. If you are hired, we require proof that you are entitled to work in the US. Can you provide us with a work permit or proof of citizenship? Elizabeth was having trouble understanding the interview process and had asked Isaac for help prior to the series of interviews she would have to conduct the next day. He was the lead of the HR department and had experience in recruiting and interviewing employees and suggested they review techniques for interviewing fairly. Elizabeth agreed and was pleased when he explained that certain body language cues may interfere with the interviewer's interpretation of what was said and that ethnic favoritism should be avoided. Isaac pointed out that Elizabeth should try to avoid bias when interviewing potential candidates and should focus on what was said and avoid comparing candidates with each other. Elizabeth used the techniques she had learned the next day and was happy when she hired the candidate most suitable for the position.

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Module 4. Retention and Orientation. The retention process is about putting things which help people stay with your organization into place. Although retention starts during the interview process, at the point where an offer of employment is made, it falls within the scope of employee orientation. Now that you have gone to the trouble and investment of conducting a thorough recruiting process and selected the best candidate. It is time to address the things that help people get engaged in your organization. It takes about two weeks for someone to decide to stay with a new company, so the orientation process that you provide is critical, as well as its timing To consider the effects of bringing someone in who does not engage. Take a look at your recruiting cost and consider the impact of a poor selection choice where now you must recruit again. Even more compelling is the cost of someone who joins the organization, then checks out emotionally but continues to report to work every day, which we refer to as presenteeism.

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The orientation process spells out the way that new employees become effective contributors to the organization. This socialization typically includes the following factors Encounter, despite what may have been revealed through the recruiting and interviewing activities, starting a new job takes getting used to. Time to familiarize to new tasks, receive training and understand company policies and procedures are all necessary. Meeting colleagues and becoming familiar with the company culture are all a part of the transition, as is making sure that the employee receives a warm welcome. Orientation Some companies see orientation as filling out forms and mandatory meetings with a new manager. Effective orientation means that employees have the opportunity to ask questions and begin to interact with peers and managers. In addition, colleagues, managers and HR must be actively involved and interested in helping the new employee settle into their role.

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Role of human resources Design an orientation process for the organization. Complete the paperwork associated with a new recruit, including reference checking, providing letter of offer, setting up candidate with benefit plan, enrollment forms, direct deposit forms and tax forms and providing access to policies such as code of conduct, confidentiality, computer usage and so on. Provide managers with tools to undertake their parts of the orientation. Provide an overview of the performance management program, including any kind of bonus programs, performance reviews and attendance management. Role of the manager Introduce the person to the organization, especially immediate and frequent contacts and resources, but also the less immediate but equally important individuals.

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Ensure that the schedule for the first several days or weeks, depending on the complexity and level of the job, is set up to incorporate a warm welcome, getting to know the work teams and getting familiar with the workspace set up for them, including equipment, tools, desk, pc, business cards, cell phone, etc. Establish objectives for the first 30, 60, 90 days and following through to ensure success. Set up technology, safety or other training. Think of the last time you started a new job and the range of feelings that came with it. You may have experienced excitement, curiosity, worry and much more. What could have been added to your own orientation experience to assist you in clicking into the organization quickly? What aspects of the orientation program were excellent and are things that you would recommend to others? Characteristics of an effective orientation program. The hiring manager is responsible for the success of the orientation. The program incorporates technical and social aspects of the job. Employees receive formal and informal introductions to managers, working groups and peers. Employees receive useful information pertaining to the company's products, services, customers and strategic plans. Employees receive required training.

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Employee engagement studies provide additional opportunities to discover what your employees like and what keeps them motivated. In uncovering what engages them, you can also determine where you can strengthen your organization through a commitment to retention activities. For example, if your employees identify that their work is too complex or that they are unable to exercise any flexibility with work schedules, changing those circumstances can improve your retention. In addition, as the labor market worldwide continues to shrink, we will be competing for the same candidates for more jobs than there are workers. Having some flexibility in areas that appeal to your workforce will go a long way in keeping them engaged, contributing and benefiting your organization. There is tremendous value in making sure that every new candidate has an equal opportunity to learn about their workplace. You will also see them engage quickly and effectively when they know for certain what their role and responsibilities are. At the same time, it is essential that they get the benefits of that warm welcome on the first day and know where to hang their coat or go for lunch. When you make the effort to have things ready for that important first day, such as a ready workstation or access to tools, the employee feels welcome and you are much more likely to have an engaged member of your workforce.

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Jessup and Nandi were working on a new orientation program for hired employees and were struggling to define what a good orientation program would require, and they understood that orientation was a necessity for a productive working environment. Jessup suggested they take a look at some effective orientation programs and identify their characteristics. Nandi agreed and pointed out that most orientation programs incorporated technical and social aspects of the job, as well as placed the manager in charge of the success of the orientation program. Jessup included that orientation programs should provide the correct type of training and that employees should receive introductions to other members of the company Nandi and Jessup included that orientation programs should provide the correct type of training and that employees should receive introductions to other members of the company. Nandi and Jessup used these guidelines to create an orientation program which would help their new employees accustom themselves to the company and produce their best work. They were excited when it was put into practice and benefited those involved.

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Module 5. Following up with new employees. As we mentioned in the previous module, orientation is a critical aspect of employee retention, since the orientation process takes time and planning in order to be effective. This module will focus on the next critical aspect, which is following up with new employees. When a company is committed to drawing the right people in turn, they develop good people. This can help a company that is making an effort to be an employer of choice. If you speak to people who work for just such organizations, you probably know that their recruiting efforts are eased by the fact that candidates come to them asking for the privilege of working together. So how do you do your part to help your employer achieve that prestigious status? The answer is simple by checking in with new employees. Just think of it this way checking in with your employees will help them from checking out.

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Sometimes, your follow-up will be based on an employee orientation checklist and simply making sure that each area is covered adequately. Other items may get added to your checklist based on your conversations with the employee. These regular interactions, which may be short and seem informal or follow a more formal tone, also give the employee the opportunity to ensure that they have made the best decision possible in coming to work with you. If that person is able to get the information they need when they need it, your chances of developing a strong, engaged employee continue to grow. Need it. Your chances of developing a strong, engaged employee continue to grow.

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We recommend that you set up and follow a regular schedule to integrate your new employee. Depending on the role they are hired to and your role, the schedule will vary, but there are a few key things to focus on. The employee should meet with you each day in the first week. The employee should meet with you or your designate every two weeks for the first three months on the job and monthly thereafter. If you are new at providing this level of follow-up for a new employee and think it's too much, then temper your approach accordingly. Always keep in mind, however, the way that the new employee feels about your workplace, their level of engagement and what those meetings can do to ensure that you have made a good choice hiring this person.

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Pablo, karen and Ling were designing a follow-up schedule for the new employees who had participated in orientation. The previous week, the boardroom desk was piled high with papers and stacked with pens, but they didn't have any ideas until Pablo decided they should work together and talk about key things to focus on for the schedule. Both Karen and Ling agreed and they each wrote down an aspect they thought was important. The employee should meet with them the first day of each week. The employee should discuss how they feel about the workplace and the employee should meet with them every two weeks for the first three months and monthly thereafter. Pablo, karen and Ling managed to finish up early and lay out a successful follow-up schedule with these aspects in place. All three of them were happy to have completed the schedule, which would make their jobs easier in the future.

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Module 6. Workplace Health and Safety. Understanding your responsibilities as a manager means that you do not just understand health and safety, but that you live it. In this module, we will look at your role in maintaining a healthy and safe workplace and what areas of additional training you may want to explore.

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Each province, territory, state or country that you work in has regulations and legislation that are produced and enforced by the appropriate levels of government. This also generally means that workers who work within the scope of that legislation have access to benefits such as medical care and wage replacement because of related insurance. In some places, they may also receive benefits for family members. The essence of workers' compensation programs meant that workers in designated occupations could receive assistance in the form of wage replacement and medical care if they were the subject of a work-related injury. In addition, the organization that they work for is protected from civil suit put forward by the employee who has been injured, meaning that the employee is not able to receive damages from a lawsuit where they charge the employer for being responsible for their injuries. The governing bodies can level fines against an employer who disregards the health and safety of their workforce, in addition to charging insurance premiums sufficient to cover the costs of the programs.

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It is very important for you, as a people leader, to understand the aspects of federal, as well as provincial and territorial rules for each jurisdiction that you operate in. Each jurisdiction provides frequent training as well as information about your obligations and responsibilities under current legislation and codes. If you have health and safety staff within your organization, they can bring you up to speed very quickly on the local rules that govern your workplace. They are probably very competent at what they do, but you are the one responsible for having the required systems in place that meet the requirements of your legal obligations. As an example, employees who work in positions that put them at risk of injury need safety training before they enter a worksite, not several days later. Workplace health materials, information systems, wmis, issues of fall protection and wearing personal protective equipment PPE, such as earplugs, safety vests and so on are all a part of that safety training. Employees who work alone may also be subject to certain legislation that will have an impact on the way that you work. Be sure to speak with experts in the field and be diligent about your research to get the information that you require. Certain industries have special rules, and these can differ widely from one area to another. If you are working in trades, transportation, federally regulated industries or agriculture, expect to see exceptions to things that you may already know. You can expect to find training in the following areas Working with occupational health and safety legislation, incident investigation skills, fundamentals of inspections, hazard assessment and control.

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Each area is well defined. Some examples include working with occupational health and safety. Legislation will provide you with access to pertinent rules and regulations specific to your region and industry. Incident investigation skills are not about finding blame for an incident, although that may be a result. Investigations identify root causes of injuries and incidents and then put practices into place to avoid recurrences or minimize potential for further injuries or damage. Inspections involve systematic observation of work sites, work conditions, work practices and equipment to identify hazards or poor work practices and make recommendations for improvement. Hazard assessment and control is a process to continually monitor all aspects of a workplace and to determine whether practices need to change in order to maintain the health and safety of the workplace. Examples include small tasks like posting wet floor signs to larger jobs involving the controls placed on noxious substances. Work involved in any of these processes does not just minimize exposure for workers and improve the safety record of a workplace. Often, inspections and hazard assessment can identify opportunities to reduce waste and increase productivity, quality and efficiency, in addition to improving the health and safety of the workplace.

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Josephine and Harold were worried about the lack of training for occupational health and safety legislation for managers within their company and had been working on a new regime to train them with regard to this. They were stuck on ideas for which fields managers should be trained in to agree with current legislation in their state, until Harold suggested they research and definite those criteria. Josephine agreed and together they discovered that their managers would need training in working with occupational health and safety legislation, incident investigation skills, fundamentals of inspections and hazard assessment and control. Josephine and Harold were happy. They clarified their needs and immediately began implementing training schedules for these areas by consulting with health and safety staff within their organization.

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Module 7. Workplace Bullying, harassment and Violence. Employers, workers and unions have all taken a serious stand on harassment and violence in the workplace, and yet these problems persist. As high as 50% of workers in Canada, the United States and Britain indicate that they have personally been bullied at work. Bullying does not have an exact legal definition, but is generally considered as intimidation or abuse of authority. Harassment is directly related to protected areas including sex, race, religion, age, sexual orientation or disability. Violence in this context can be defined as abuse, threats or assault committed in relationship to work. Violence is becoming more common where people work in contact as abuse, threats or assault committed in relationship to work. Violence is becoming more common where people work in contact with customers, clients and the general public. Aggression often starts with an anger trigger in the form of a slight or an irritant. When it comes to losing our temper, our impulse is controlled by our inhibitions, made up of the knowledge and perhaps fear of repercussions and consequences, as well as social and cultural norms.

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Violence, bullying and harassment can manifest in many ways. Violence often begins with a conflict, for example, two people with different ideas about what should happen. The conflict escalates to where one person decides they will stop at nothing to get what they want. Incidents may manifest as physical attacks, threats or unwanted sexual advances, verbal offensive or critical jokes, gossip, threats or criticism, written offending notes, email text messages and or letters. If the organization refuses to intervene, they may experience cost in many ways Staff turnover, reduced productivity, poor morale, absenteeism, negative impacts to employee benefit plans through increased plan usage, legal costs, tarnished reputation, strain on resources to deal with a complaint, negative media coverage. The costs also extend to the people who work for the organization. For example, when an employee is victimized, they can suffer from stress, anxiety or depression, particularly if they do not act as well, their personal, life and career can be damaged. The accused may lose their job and or face legal charges. Those who are falsely accused may lose their job and relationships and also become a victim.

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The manager's role includes providing staff with tools to report issues and a way to deal with issues that arise. Since many problems are resolved through informal means, the best tools may be those that simply allow for people to have a conversation and to facilitate discussion that will mediate problems before they escalate. Here are some useful ways to look after issues and your employees. Ensure that your staff has the ability and authority to manage conflict, negotiate and remedy problems that arise. Empower them with the ability to conduct themselves safely and with confidence. Provide strong leadership At work and at home. Conduct yourself with consideration and respect for others. The golden rule applies Model principles and standards of diversity in your everyday work. Recognize staff for their contributions. Involve and value everyone. Deal with inappropriate behavior as it arises. Don't let small things grow. If you ignore them, your staff may think that you either approve of the behavior or that you simply don't care. Where you recognize harassment, bullying or an escalating conflict, take initiative and ensure that appropriate steps are taken If you are not in a position to act or lack confidence yourself, then raise the issues to channels available to you, including your own manager and, whenever necessary, the police.

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During a crisis, follow the polite plan. Position yourself so that you know where you are in relation to an opponent and an exit. Observe warning signs and pay attention to them, particularly if the distance between you is narrowing or the other person begins speaking in single syllables. Listen empathetically and avoid remarks that could be considered condescending Instincts. Listen to and make good use of your instincts. Talk to the other person and try to establish rapport. This will help you to gauge and influence their mood. Eye contact can also be an effective way of building rapport. Read the situation carefully, however, as some angry people will see unwavering eye contact as threatening. Use eye contact to establish a connection, not to intimidate.

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A skillful interruption to an escalating situation can help to relieve tension and move from escalating conflict to problem solving. Using a technique that breaks their train of thought or activity is a way to do this. For example, your opponent may expect that you are going to run away. Fight back or activity is a way to do this. For example, your opponent may expect that you are going to run away, fight back or break into tears. Doing the unexpected will disrupt the escalation.

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A strong pattern interrupt is something so out of the norm that it makes the other person stop and wonder what is going on. Standing on a chair, for example, would be a pattern interrupter. The other person would quite possibly lose their train of thought. If they were very angry, would it change their thoughts from anger to something else bewilderment or wonder, for example, quite probably when conflict is over the phone, try the following techniques Always aim to establish rapport as soon as you pick up the phone. Ask for the caller's name and number in case you get disconnected. Maintain a positive tone and posture. Have some techniques to interrupt skillfully. Skillful interruptions over the phone can include statements such as Excuse me, sir, but if we continue like this it will be difficult for me to help you. Would you like my help? You could also sneeze, not directly into the phone, but with enough force and conviction that it breaks the caller's train of thought and they automatically say bless you. If this works, you can quickly reply. Thank you. Now what is it that I can do specifically to help you today?

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Remember a manager who is unaware of harassment, bullying or violence brewing is not absolved of their responsibility to act. It is the employer's responsibility to provide a safe workplace and to provide the training and tools that people need to work safely. It is also their responsibility to ensure that training takes place and is sufficient to address the work that is being done. Most organizations have policies regarding harassment, bullying and violence within the scope of human resources or health and safety policies. Any allegation must be acknowledged and investigated in terms of those policies, which should incorporate the following steps Investigate immediately. Take every complaint seriously. Be objective. Attempt to resolve the issues informally if possible. Keep matters confidential for all parties. Follow your organization's policies as well as legal obligations. If the employer refuses to acknowledge safety risks and do what they can to reduce or eliminate them, they can be held responsible through the court system, through penalties like fines or work stoppage orders, in addition to a publicly tarnished reputation. Fortunately, most employers want to comply with workplace health and safety rules and do their utmost to provide safe workplaces for their people. If you have concerns about what your obligations are in your region, contact your local health and safety association.

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Henrietta and Boris had reported an employee dispute to Killian and were in the process of a heated argument. When Killian stepped in to manage the situation, he conducted himself with professionalism and displayed the qualities a good leader should have by taking control of the situation and teaching Henrietta and Boris the tools they would need to negotiate and resolve the dispute between themselves. He recognized both Henrietta and Boris for their separate contributions and helped them resolve their conflict in a peaceful manner which didn't disrupt the rest of the staff. Henrietta and Boris left with their issue resolved and increased respect for each other and their manager, whilst Killian was happy he could resolve an issue which had the potential to decrease productivity.

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Module 8. Workplace Wellness. When your employees are healthy and fit, they are less likely to be absent from work due to illness and more likely to be engaged in what is going on around them. This module will explore the concept of workplace wellness and how to promote it in your organization. When you apply techniques to your own life that model wellness, your employees notice. There are three important wellness behaviors that we should all focus on. Wellness behaviors that we should all focus on Healthy eating, exercise, life-work balance. Of course, managers can be just as far off the healthy living track as anyone. Just remember that your people are watching you and that whatever behaviors you do exhibit, they will note.

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Wellness is not just about feeling good, and it isn't about the employer taking full responsibility for their workforce's health either. However, people are looking for workplaces that respect that they have a life outside of work and that also make efforts to keep them healthy. Wellness addresses the psychological, cognitive and physical health of your workforce. This includes issues that can originate at work and at home. There are two major concerns for workplaces. The first area of concern is dealing with the global pandemic COVID-19. The World Health Organization and healthcare providers around the world have researched, planned and established pandemic plans and do their best to cope with this situation. Workplaces must be prepared for pandemic illness on many fronts, since this outbreak has had significant implications on their business. The second area of concern within the scope of wellness is mental health.

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People tend to use the word stress very casually, and yet the effects of negative stress over time can have tremendous impact on people's lives and the work that you are trying to complete. While positive stressors can enrich our lives, the ongoing presence and pressures of negative stress can lead to mental and physical illness. Why worry about workplace wellness? Well, wellness programs, by their nature, can result in improved employee engagement and morale. A happy and healthy workforce is more productive. Increased wellness puts less demand on expensive benefit programs. Disability programs are demonstrating a shift from paying claims for primarily physical causes for fractures, cardiac issues or cancer, for example to paying for mental health issues such as depression and anxiety. In addition, the cumulative effects of stress can have both physical and psychological effects.

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As people, our workers continue to foster sedentary lives that are fraught with quick processed food and, as the realization sets in for some of them that their lives need improving, the need for support provided by the workplace becomes more apparent. What can you do as an employer? Focus on health promotion and prevention, for example, healthy food options and activity programs. Provide training and education for supervisors and managers so they have tools to recognize when employees are at risk. Promote your EAP or EFAP. Undertake health risk assessments. Maintain contact with absent employees and let them know they're missed. What can you do as an employee? Make your health a priority. Remember that you have a duty to be prepared for work, participate in and comply with treatment. Also consider is your employee or are you in the right job? Are there needs for lifestyle or career changes that will help you to be successful.

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Of the five key stressors in life, relationships, work, health, crime or violence, and personal finances, the personal finance issue is five times that of the health stressors, chartered Institute of Personnel and Development, cipd. Up to 20% of the workforce is actively disengaged, meaning that they may be at work but really not that into it. Early intervention, which includes recognition of issues, is very important. Talk to your employees and, more importantly, listen to them. Encourage employees to seek assistance. Be supportive. Be clear about concerns and expectations and flexible with solutions. Work with the employee to set goals. Turning things around can be easier than you think.

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Your EAP or EFAP provider should be a tremendous resource. Many of them provide more services than just counseling, including financial planning, assistance with locating child care, nutritional counseling, retirement planning, wellness programming for the workplace. Dean and Caitlin were the owners of a successful aerial photography business and had recently employed several new photographers and administrative staff members. To help them achieve their goals, they traveled extensively in West Africa and were discussing their employees' wellness needs and whether the Ebola outbreak would prove a serious threat to their business. Caitlin suggested they create a plan for managing wellness should a pandemic occur, and Dean agreed. He included the need for managing stress and mental health in their employees and themselves. Together they set up a plan for managing employee health and safety and were happy they had this aspect of their business covered, should worst come to worst at any point in the future.

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Module 9. Providing Feedback to Employees. Your employees expect your feedback, whether it is a pat on the back or time for change. This module will explore some different feedback models as well as some ways to make your feedback effective and encouraging. Time and place.

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When you are offering feedback to an employee, give consideration to your environment and to your timing. Never offer negative feedback in front of colleagues. It is unprofessional and can damage the reputation of the employee. Co-workers seeing someone criticized in front of others tend to not forget it, and you that you care so little for your staff that you would embarrass them in front of their co-workers. The best place to provide feedback is somewhere quiet, like an office or meeting room. The feedback needs to come as soon as possible after the event. Later, the same day or the following day is good, unless you are feeling emotionally charged about something. If an employee has done something that violates a rule at work, you may have to act immediately. However, if you can hold off and get your own emotions in check first, you will avoid saying something that you might later regret.

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Types of feedback Just as there are many types of conversations, so are there a range of feedback models. Feedback can be formal, as we will discuss with the feedback sandwich in a moment, or informal. Informal feedback can be just as meaningful and valuable as formal feedback. Informal feedback, such as recognition for something that has been learned and properly applied to the workplace or offering a small reward for overall performance, can really perk up your employee's day, immediately, turning into a burst of energy or creativity for that individual. More formal feedback is often used with certain benchmarks and at certain times of the year. Some organizations schedule annual formal performance reviews and may also include quarterly or monthly meetings to review and document progress, strengths and opportunities for growth. The 360-degree performance review is a tool that, instead of relying on performance comments from the immediate supervisor, also solicits feedback from people within a 360-degree radius of the employee Direct reports. Colleagues, managers, internal customers and even external customers can all contribute to feedback for a 360-degree review. No matter which tools you prefer and whether you are more likely to rely on formal or informal feedback methods, keep in mind that feedback is provided as a way to encourage growth and development of your staff.

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Feedback can help employees, along with their career goals, not just to meet the goals of the company or your specific department, but also to reach their own. Managers often use a feedback sandwich as a way to provide feedback and to cushion criticism. The benefits include having positive comments that frame the critique. A feedback sandwich typically looks like this Make a specific positive comment. Offer critique or suggestions for improvement. Make an overall positive comment. The drawback to using a feedback sandwich is that it does not take long before an employee knows that, if you are leading a conversation and offer a compliment, there will be some kind of negative comment to follow it. It is human nature for them to filter out any compliment you make and to focus on the negative comments. Therefore, instead of offering a feedback sandwich that you build, we recommend that you have the employee get involved, particularly with the middle. The value in this is that when you are working with adults, chances are they will know what went wrong and have ideas about how to improve, instead of a sandwich made with white bread and a jam filling like this.

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Hi, paul, I really thought your presentation went well yesterday, but I think that if you had more statistics in your report, you wouldn't have had to work so hard to sell the idea to the group. You're a strong member of our team and I'm looking forward to your continued contributions. Try multigrain and homemade fruit spread with hazelnut drizzle. Paul, I thought we could sit and debrief the presentation you gave yesterday. Congratulations on getting the support for your project. I think it's a really valuable one for our division and a great reflection of your strength as a leader. Paul might just say thanks.

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Or they were a tough crowd you can probe a bit here and then encourage him to fill in the middle or you could say they were certainly interested in what you had to say and had lots of questions. I thought for a moment that things might go off the rails, but you managed to field their questions and keep them on track at the same time. Responses could look like this Paul, I will have more detail in the presentation next time I do something like this. Even if they don't want it, then at least it'll be there as backup you. It can be tough to know exactly what to anticipate from them as a board. One thing I have done before is to have a couple of extra slides hidden in the presentation that I can bring up if they ask, or a couple of spare story boards or charts, just in case. Also, I think that I could have done a better job of introducing you or perhaps preparing you to meet the executives. Are there other things that I should have done or that you would add to your plan and then, at the end of the conversation, offer that multigrain kind of closing? Paul, you got what you went in for and also earned credibility in their eyes and the way you managed their questions. That makes for a job well done. If there is anything that you want some help from me on next time, or if you'd like to do a practice run with the team or a pre-meeting survey to the board directly, that might be helpful too. I thought the design you went with was brilliant and it's great. You have the green light that you need. If I can do anything more to help next time, let me know A powerful tip when offering feedback avoid the word but after you make a comment, especially a compliment.

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The word but is a negative indicator, meaning that it negates whatever preceded it in the sentence. A listener often shuts out everything that comes before the word. But Giving good, meaningful feedback is hard work. Appreciate that this is a learned skill, so you will improve with practice. Take the time to ask questions, observe and refine your skills. The payoff for you as a manager is that, even if you are giving someone unwanted news, they will appreciate the way that you deliver it. In addition, news that is well delivered is more likely to be listened to than is feedback that is poorly thought out or coldly articulated. You may have also noticed that our multigrain sandwich highlighted some areas where you, the manager, could improve. This not only gives you some things to work on, but it shows your staff that learning and growing never stop. Yuri and Tosca were managers at a civil engineering company and were considering the best ways to give feedback and criticism to their were managers at a civil engineering company and were considering the best ways to give feedback and criticism to their employees without causing a dispute or lowering morale. Yuri suggested they use the feedback sandwich and explained that it was the perfect way to provide feedback and cushion criticism by making a specific positive comment, then offering critique or suggestions for improvement and finally making an overall positive comment to cap off the sandwich. Tosca agreed that this seemed a positive way of approaching feedback on tasks completed, and the pair decided to implement it in the company. They were happy when their critiques were well received and worked on by the employees in question and could move on to managing new tasks.

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Module 10. Disciplining Employees. Despite our best efforts at hiring the right people, sometimes they do not behave or learn in the way that we anticipate, and so discipline follows their actions. This module will explore some different ways of looking at discipline. Most employees want to do what they are expected to do at work, and most of them want to do it well. When performance problems appear, you need to act quickly. Letting a problem linger because you do not like to address performance issues can also mean that poor work becomes the normal way of doing things within your area of responsibility. Human nature being what it is, if one worker sees another get away with substandard performance, they may think that you are fine with it too, and then a small problem becomes a much larger one.

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Clarify the expectations of the employee's role. If they do not know what they are being measured against, it's pretty hard for them to improve. Assist in approving the performance by providing adequate direction when necessary. Make sure that employees know what the company's policies are and that they are applied consistently and fairly. Work with the employee to resolve the problem by applying a progressive discipline process, clearly and consistently. Document the steps that you take through the process, including support, training, incidents of misconduct, meetings and coaching sessions. Before we start, please note that the principles and steps here apply to progressive discipline in general, but that some jurisdictions may have specific rules pertaining to this. In addition, collective agreements may stipulate a quite different process, although with similar goals and outcomes. This module outlines a general process for progressive discipline and is not to be construed as specific legal advice or as appropriate in all situations or jurisdictions. Make sure that you understand the labor laws in the area that you are managing.

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Progressive discipline is a method of behavior correction that allows you to build on the strengths of existing policy and to apply corrective expectations when employee performance is below the acceptable standard. The process can be applied for both incompetence, when an employee lacks skills or knowledge needed for the job, and misconduct, when an employee knows what they are responsible for but neglects those responsibilities. Each time you meet with an employee about their performance, you need to keep dated documentation about the discussion that took place, training completed, warnings and letters provided and copies of supporting documentation such as error rates, performance reviews or witness statements. Managing incompetence when the employee lacks the skills to perform their work at an acceptable level, a meeting to clarify the expectations of the job is necessary. Be open with the employee and let them know what will happen if there is no improvement, including dismissal. Act promptly, because if you are considered to have ignored the problem and thereby condone the poor performance, you cannot use it as a reason for dismissal. Next, assess whether the person has the ability to learn the skills needed and then provide them with training and support to improve their performance and gain practice and confidence with their new skills. If the performance improves, then the process has been successful. If they have not improved, then you are closer to determining whether terminating their employment is justified.

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Managing misconduct Depending on the severity of the misconduct you may have just caused, to dismiss the employee immediately. This is called summary dismissal and is common in cases that involve serious breaches of company policy and or the law theft, assault or reckless behavior with company equipment or vehicles, for example. Deciding how severe an infraction is should also take into account the seriousness and frequency of the misconduct, the employee's work history and the effect on the company. As indicated in the previous module, you cannot delay your action plan because you could be seen as condoning the behavior and then unable to use it in a dismissal If the infraction is minor. Speak with the employee and allow all sides of the issue to be heard through an investigation. Collect and document the facts, including witness statements. Outline the consequences if job expectations are not met. If you can agree that the behavior will be corrected and that is what occurs then the progressive discipline ends. Ensure that you document everything. If the behavior does not improve, you can then implement the next step of discipline, which is a written letter outlining the job expectations and future consequences if they are not met, including possible suspension If the problem persists, consider suspending the employee. Again, you will have to produce a written document that confirms what is taking place and the consequences if job expectations are not met. Once the suspension has ended, your next step is to try and forge an agreement that there will not be any further misconduct. You are now in a stronger position to determine whether the last resort dismissal is warranted.

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Aggravating factors Although the progressive discipline policy may be clear, there can be some mitigating factors in incompetence and misconduct. These can include whether the misconduct was intentional, whether the employee accepts responsibility for their actions, whether the issue was an isolated or lone incident, the employee's length of service with the company, the employee's work history. In many organizations, anything past that first step of progressive discipline will be managed by the supervisor and someone from the HR area. The HR representative may attend the meetings with you, assist with documentation and ensure that the progressive discipline policy is being adhered to fairly. If questions arise, then checking with legal counsel is always appropriate in cases leading to dismissal, to ensure that any legal matters are addressed and that the potential for legal suit is minimized if possible Throughout this process. Keep in mind that the goal of a progressive discipline process is to modify behavior and to support development of an effective and productive employee.

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Depending on the process for progressive discipline in your workplace, there may typically be two to three discipline meetings. An employee demonstrates nonstandard behavior, misconduct or incompetence. An informal meeting takes place between the immediate supervisor and employee to identify the unwanted behavior and outline expectations for improvement, including dates. The supervisor must clearly document this incident, since the meeting should follow as soon as possible after the non-standard behavior is discovered. There is no letter provided at this stage. If the non-standard behavior continues, the supervisor arranges a more formal meeting with the employee. Again, the undesirable behavior is discussed and expectations for improvement. Consequences are also outlined in this step.

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If the undesirable behavior continues, a formal meeting is arranged again. In this meeting, a written letter is provided to the employee with an action plan for improvement and clearly outlined consequences If the possibility of termination, suspension or charges is possible. Share that information with the employee. Have the employee sign a copy of the letter indicating that they have received a copy for their records. They do not have to agree with what is written in the letter, just sign to acknowledge receipt. Often employees will refuse to sign the letter or they may prefer to take it away with them, read it on their own and then sign it. If they refuse to sign it, that too is a disciplinary matter that you may have to address. As we said earlier, they are not signing to say they agree with the letter, only to confirm that they received a copy.

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Some tips for making the most of disciplinary meetings Make sure that you have all the information for the meeting before you begin notes, evidence, facts, etc. Keep the meeting focused on the behavior and not the individual. Make sure that your language is free of personal emotion, such as I am so disappointed in you, and stick to the issues. We are speaking today because you were found with stolen property in the backseat of your car this morning. Conduct the meeting away from the eyes and ears of other employees. Discipline should never embarrass anyone, especially the person receiving it. Check your HR policy so that you know the desired format for any letters or disciplinary documentation. Also, check to see at what stage the HR consultant or manager also needs to be a part of the meeting, often by the second formal meeting.

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If you are handing out consequences, make sure that you have the authority to enforce them. It's no good threatening to suspend someone if you actually do not have the ability to follow through. Often, the initial progressive discipline meetings that you hold are enough to correct the unwanted behavior. When that is the case, acknowledge the positive changes with the employee and move on. However, if more steps need to be taken and you neglect to follow up on time, you will derail the progressive nature of discipline and may end up stuck with a problem employee who never changes their behavior and really has no reason to, since there are no real consequences anyway. Do whatever it takes to ensure you follow up on time write it in your day timer, set up a reminder on your computer or book the meeting with the employee in advance.

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Thomas and Alexander were discussing disciplinary methods after a specific complaint had arisen in the workplace. The employee in question would attend a hearing, but the time and place had yet to be discussed and the pair was worried that the problem could escalate should the hearing be delayed. Alexander suggested they discuss the general discipline process and Thomas agreed. They realized that they should act quickly, clarify the expectations of the employee's role, assist by providing direction where necessary, work with the employee to resolve the problem and consistently document the steps in the resolution. Thomas and Alexander were satisfied they could help the employee resolve the issue at hand and set the time for the discussion with the employee for the following afternoon.

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Module 11. Terminating Employees. Sometimes it may seem that actually firing an employee is impossible. Here are some ways to make it work for you. Should you find yourself continually trying to modify an employee's behavior and unable to get the desired results, then considering dismissal or termination is the logical next step. It is, of course, possible to terminate employees. It is easiest in cases of clear and serious misconduct or breach of conduct, but even less serious or cumulative events can lead to termination. By the time you reach the state where you are considering terminating anyone, you will have had to review the steps included in the previous module on progressive discipline Important things to remember. As we discussed in the previous module, you may find yourself meeting the employee in an advanced stage of the progressive discipline process. By the second stage, you need to have met with and discussed the matter with HR before you actually threaten dismissal to anyone. If you do not have HR staff because you work in a small company, then check with your superiors to ensure you have the authority to act as you see fit.

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Your documentation must be excellent. Make sure that all of your paperwork is in order and that what you are documenting is part of the process. Stick to the facts in your documentation and leave your personal opinions out of it. Sign and date your notes and any letters to the employee. Ask the employee to sign and date anything that you provide them with as received and read. They do not have to agree to the content of the document, but should sign and date it to indicate that they have received it. Part of your documentation can also come from another person, such as an HR consultant. If they attend any meetings with you, ask them to also take notes and sign them.

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There is a lot of thought that goes into actually making the decision to terminate someone. Part of this is emotional and part of it is logical. When we struggle to make the decision for any reason, consider that your turmoil may come from wondering if you are really making the best decision. Of course, the reason that your stomach may be in knots could also have to do with the increased tension that managing this particular employee has brought. Discuss your decision-making process with HR and your immediate manager to get their support. Some employees will present themselves in such a way that you may question your judgment about firing them. Asking these questions will help you to determine whether you are on the right track.

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Am I being hard on this person unnecessarily? Obviously, there has been continued poor performance or misconduct that has led to this stage of the process. How serious were the infractions or performance issues that led to this? Do I still believe that they are worthy of termination? What are the implications of releasing this employee in terms of backlash to the company, my work unit and my professional integrity. What are the implications to me as a manager, to the results of this department and to the morale of people working here to keep this problem employee? The termination meeting is simply an advanced stage of progressive discipline, but with very dire consequences. Before the meeting, you will have to determine whether the termination requires that the employee be escorted from the property. Following the meeting, you will have to determine whether the termination requires that the employee be escorted from the property following the meeting or if they will be allowed to pack up their personal effects If they work in a sensitive area that is vulnerable to sabotage or tampering, or where they may make comments to co-workers that can be overheard by clients.

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The safety of the workplace is even more important For staff that has remote access to computers, business cell phones, keys and access cards. A plan must be put in place to ensure that there are no security breaches following the termination. If you are having the employee leave the office that day, how will you ensure that they get home safely? You should never, ever let an employee drive themselves home after dismissal, but you could arrange a cab Depending on the circumstances. You may also arrange to have a counselor from your EAP on standby.

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Never, ever, dismiss an employee on a Friday, no matter how tempting it may be. If circumstances come to a head on a Friday, you can prevent the employee from entering the workplace over the weekend by restricting access. This should only be done if there is a concern about behavior or safety of the other workers or property, however. They should not be fired at that time. You can, however, tell them that both of you will take the weekend to cool off and then meet to discuss things the next week. Normally, we have enough indication that termination is pending that we can actually avoid doing so until the following week.

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Communicating the termination should be done in a brief professional meeting. You will have the HR person with you. If the employee is aware this is a disciplinary meeting, they may have a union representative or advocate with them. If you are a unionized workplace, you can invite the union representative to attend. Keep the dismissal meeting short and free of personal bias or remarks. If you have had previous meetings about an issue through the progressive discipline process, you can briefly recap why you are here today. If this is the result of a serious incident and no previous meetings took place, calmly review the circumstances, reading right off the termination letter is best. If career transition, job search assistance is being provided, the terms of the services should be outlined in the letter, as well as any severance pay.

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When you finish reading, ask the employee if they understand what you read and that they are being terminated from their employment effective immediately. Ask them politely to sign the letter, not because they agree with the contents, but to say they have received a copy of the letter. Ask them to provide you with keys, access cards, cell phones or any other company property they may have on them. Ask them to provide you with any company property that may be at home within 24 hours. Offer them an EAP brochure or, if a counselor is available, let them know. Then end the meeting and have the HR representative or their union representative escort them to the counselor. If another room is being used and for the HR or union representative to follow through with the arrangements for them to go home, you could offer a taxi chit call someone for them or have a trusted colleague drive them home. Again, do not allow the individual to drive home from work following this meeting.

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When you finish with the termination meeting, you may need to decompress too. This can be a nerve-wracking task, and so you may wish to undertake a wind-down activity such as meditation, deep breathing, a discussion with HR or your favorite cup of coffee as a way to unwind after the meeting. Afterwards, document that the meeting took place and follow up on any outstanding items that need to be addressed, particularly related to security and access. Trent and Cassidy were facing a difficult issue with an employee and had decided they needed to terminate the employee. They had already implemented the progressive disciplinary action and were considering the best way of handling the tricky situation of actual termination. Cassidy suggested they work out a plan for ensuring the protection of the company and its assets, and Trent agreed and stipulated that they shouldn't dismiss the employee on a Friday and should have him escorted out of the building. Because of the delicacy of the situation, trent and Cassidy were happy once they'd agreed on the details and decided to conduct the dismissal in a brief and professional meeting which would be conducted with the union member present. Both were satisfied with their decisions and prepared for the meeting that following Monday.

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Module 12. Wrapping Up Although this workshop is coming to a close, we hope that your journey to understanding human resources management is well on its way. If you are thinking that each of the modules we covered is loaded with information. You are absolutely right and we strongly encourage you to pursue your own development in each of those areas. We wish you the best of luck on the rest of your travels. Words from the wise Winston Churchill Success consists of going from failure to failure without loss of enthusiasm. Leo Rawson, I cannot believe that the purpose of life is to be happy. I think the purpose of life is to be useful, to be responsible and to be compassionate. It is, above all, to matter, to count, to stand for something, to have made some difference, that you lived at all. Pearl Buck, to know how to do something well is to enjoy it.

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